Demand Response

ISO/IEC TR 15067-3-8:2020 (E), which is a Technical Report, provides a conceptual framework for developing architectures and designing solutions related to transactive energy (TE). Transactive energy allows electricity generated locally by consumers using wind, solar, storage, etc., at homes or buildings to be sold into a competitive market. This document provides guidance for enhancing interoperability among distributed energy resources involved in energy management systems at homes and buildings. It addresses gaps identified as problematic for the industry by providing definitions of terms, architectural principles and guidelines, and other descriptive elements that present a common ground for all interested parties to discuss and advance TE.
This document builds upon ISO/IEC 15067-3, with technology to accommodate a market for buying and selling electricity generated centrally or locally by consumers. The energy management agent (EMA) specified in ISO/IEC 15067-3 can represent the customer as a participant in TE. Transactive energy is important for achieving electric grid stability as power from renewable sources such as wind and solar fluctuates with time and weather.

ISO/IEC TR 15067-3-7:2020 (E), which is a Technical Report, explains the organization and structure of the transactive energy systems research, development, and deployment roadmap.

ISO/IEC 15067-3-3:2019(E) specifies a high-level architecture and a set of models for a demand-response energy management system with multiple interacting EMAs in a home or community housing (such as one or more apartment buildings or a campus of houses). These models specify the structure among multiple EMAs, which can be arranged in a mesh or hierarchical structure. This document builds upon ISO/IEC 15067-3.

A framework for monitoring the effects and evaluating comprehensive benefits of demand response programs is proposed in this guide. From perspectives of ex-ante and ex-post evaluation, this guide introduces the evaluation processes on demand response effects with its comprehensive benefits and implemented calculation methods in detail. This guide could be applied in various electricity market structures to provide utilities with the references for the planning, design, implementation, and post-evaluation of demand response programs.

The application layer with TCP/IP providing functions in the transport and Internet layers to enable utility management of the end user energy environment, including demand response, load control, time of day pricing, management of distributed generation, electric vehicles, etc. is defined in this standard. Depending on the physical layer in use (e.g., IEEE 802.15.4™, IEEE 802.11™, IEEE 1901™, IEEE 1901.2™), a variety of lower layer protocols may be involved in providing a complete solution. Generally, lower layer protocols are not discussed in this standard except where there is direct interaction with the application protocol. The mechanisms for exchanging application messages, the exact messages exchanged including error messages, and the security features used to protect the application messages are defined in this standard. With respect to the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) network model, this standard is built using the four layer Internet stack model. The defined application profile sources elements from many existing standards, including IEC 61968 and IEC 61850, and follows a RESTful architecture (Fielding [B3]) using IETF protocols such as HTTP. (Additional files for downloads can be found at https://standards.ieee.org/content/dam/ieee-standards/standards/web/dow…)

The 'APPLICATION' layer with TCP/IP providing functions in the 'TRANSPORT' and 'INTERNET' layers is defined in this standard. Depending on the physical layer in use (e.g., IEEE 802.15.4(TM), IEEE 802.11(TM), IEEE 1901(TM)), a variety of lower layer protocols may be involved in providing a complete solution. Generally, lower layer protocols are not discussed in this standard except where there is a direct interaction with the application protocol. This standard defines the mechanisms for exchanging application messages, the exact messages exchanged including error messages, and the security features used to protect the application messages. With respect to the OSI network model, this standard is built using the four-layer Internet stack model. The defined application protocol is an IEC 61968 common information model [61968] profile, mapping directly where possible, and using subsets and extensions where needed, and follows an IETF RESTful architecture [REST]. (NOTE: additional files for this standard is available at http://standards.ieee.org/downloads/2030.5/)

Important smart distribution applications are categorized, descriptions of the critical functions involved are developed, important components of these systems are defined, and examples of the systems that can be considered as part of distribution management systems or other smart distribution systems are provided in this guide.

EC TS 62939-2:2018(E), which is a Technical Specification, provides an architecture to define interfaces for the information exchange between smart equipment/systems from the demand side and the power grid. It facilitates the interoperability between the IEC common information model (CIM) and customer facility standards for smart grid applications.
This document presents one possible architecture to connect non-CIM/IEC 61850-based demand-side standards to the CIM, to support demand response type applications.
It presents an immediately available architecture approach for home and building grid users for demand response applications to cope with the fragmented market and lack of harmonized standard solutions. It proposes that a three-layer application be implemented but this does not preclude the ongoing long-term efforts of IEC ideally to promote from a semantic perspective only two-layer implementations.

IEC TS 62746-3:2015(E) establishes an architecture that is supportive of interfaces between the Customer Energy Management System and the Power Management System. A DER Management System can also be a Customer Energy Management System.

IEC TR 62746-2:2015(EN) describes the main pillars of interoperability to assist different Technical Committees in defining their interfaces and messages covering the whole chain between a smart grid and smart home/building/industrial area. The main topics covered by this technical report are: architecture model from a logical point of view; set of user stories describing a number of situations related to energy flexibility and demand side management; set of use cases based on the user stories and architecture; details of the communication; identified in the use cases, by describing the requirements for messages and information to be exchanged.