Electromagnetic Compatibility
Electromagnetic Compatibility
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC TR 61000-3-14CommitteePublished year2011KeywordsDescription
IEC/TR 61000-3-14:2011(E) is a Technical Report which provides guidance on principles that can be used as the basis for determining the requirements for the connection of disturbing installations to low voltage (LV) public power systems. For the purposes of this part of IEC 61000, a disturbing installation means an installation (which may be a load or a generator) that produces disturbances: harmonics and/or interharmonics, voltage flicker and/or rapid voltage changes, and/or voltage unbalance. The primary objective is to provide guidance to system operators or owners for engineering practices, which will facilitate the provision of adequate service quality for all connected customer installations. In addressing installations, this report is not intended to replace equipment standards for emission limits. This report addresses the allocation of the capacity of the system to absorb disturbances. It does not address how to mitigate disturbances, nor does it address how the capacity of the system can be increased.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC TR 61000-3-13CommitteePublished year2008KeywordsDescription
This part of IEC 61000 provides guidance on principles which can be used as the basis for determining the requirements for the connection of unbalanced installations (i.e. three-phase installations causing voltage unbalance) to MV, HV and EHV public power systems (LV installations are covered in other IEC documents). For the purposes of this report, an unbalanced installation means a three-phase installation (which may be a load or a generator) that produces voltage unbalance on the system. The connection of single-phase installations is not specifically addressed, as the connection of such installations is under the control of the system operator or owner. The general principles however may be adapted when considering the connection of single-phase installations. The primary objective is to provide guidance to system operators or owners on engineering practices, which will facilitate the provision of adequate service quality for all connected customers. In addressing installations, this document is not intended to replace equipment standards for emission limits. The report addresses the allocation of the capacity of the system to absorb disturbances. It does not address how to mitigate disturbances, nor does it address how the capacity of the system can be increased. Since the guidelines outlined in this report are necessarily based on certain simplifying assumptions, there is no guarantee that this approach will always provide the optimum solution for all unbalanced load situations. The recommended approach should be used with flexibility and judgment as far as engineering is concerned, when applying the given assessment procedures in full or in part. The system operator or owner is responsible for specifying requirements for the connection of installations which may cause unbalance on the system. The disturbing installation is to be understood as the complete customer's installation (i.e. including balanced and unbalanced parts). Problems related to unbalance fall into two basic categories.
- Unbalanced installations that draw negative-sequence currents which produce negative-sequence voltages on the supply system. Examples of such installations include arc furnaces and traction loads (typically connected to the public network at HV), and three phase installations where the individual loads are not balanced (typically connected at MV and LV). Negative-sequence voltage superimposed onto the terminal voltage of rotating machines can produce additional heat losses. Negative-sequence voltage can also cause non-characteristic harmonics (typically positive-sequence 3rd harmonic) to be produced by power converters.
- Unbalanced installations connected line-to-neutral can also draw zero-sequence currents which can be transferred or not into the supply system depending on the type of connection of the coupling transformer. The flow of zero-sequence currents in a grounded neutral system causes zero-sequence unbalance affecting line-to-neutral voltages. This is not normally controlled by setting emission limits, but rather by system design and maintenance. Ungrounded-neutral systems and phase-to-phase connected installations are not, however, affected by this kind of voltage unbalance. This report gives guidance only for the coordination of the negative-sequence type of voltage unbalance between different voltage levels in order to meet the compatibility levels at the point of utilisation. No compatibility levels are defined for zero-sequence type of voltage unbalance as this is often considered as being less relevant to the coordination of unbalance levels compared to the first type of voltage unbalance. However, for situations where a non-zero impedance exists between neutral and earth with the system still being effectively grounded (i.e., where the ratio between zero-sequence, X0 and positive sequence reactance X1 is 0 < X0/X1 = 3), this type of voltage unbalance can be of concern especially when the type of connection of the coupling transformer allows zero-sequence path to flow from MV to LV and vice-versa. This Technical Report has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107. The contents of the corrigendum of April 2010 have been included in this copy. -
Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61000-6-5CommitteePublished year2001KeywordsDescription
IEC 61000-6-5:2015 specifies EMC immunity requirements which apply to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use in power stations and substations. Immunity requirements for electromagnetic phenomena with spectral contributions in the frequency range 0 Hz to 400 GHz are covered. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 61000-6-5 published in 2001. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
The contents of the corrigendum of December 2017 have been included in this copy. -
Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61000-6-4CommitteePublished year2006Description
IEC 61000-6-4:2018 is also available as IEC 61000-6-4:2018 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 61000-6-4:2018 for emission requirements applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use within the environment existing at industrial (see 3.1.12) locations. This document does not apply to equipment that fall within the scope of IEC 61000-6-3. The environments encompassed by this document cover both indoor and outdoor locations. Emission requirements in the frequency range 9 kHz to 400 GHz are covered in this document and have been selected to provide an adequate level of protection of radio reception in the defined electromagnetic environment. No measurement needs to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. These requirements are considered essential to provide an adequate level of protection to radio services. Not all disturbance phenomena have been included for testing purposes but only those considered relevant for the equipment intended to operate within the environments included within this document. Requirements are specified for each port considered. This generic EMC emission standard is to be used where no applicable product or product-family EMC emission standard is available. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2006 and Amendment 1:2010 This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) possible future requirements on DC ports;
b) possible future radiated polarity specific emission limits within a FAR;
c) the definition of which average detector is used for emission measurements at frequencies above 1GHz and that results using a peak detector are acceptable for all measurements;
d) the definition of different EUT test arrangements. -
Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61000-6-3CommitteePublished year2006Description
IEC 61000-6-3:2020 is a generic EMC emission standard applicable only if no relevant dedicated product or product family EMC emission standard has been published. This part of IEC 61000 for emission requirements applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use at residential (see 3.1.14) locations. This part of IEC 61000 also applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use at other locations that do not fall within the scope of IEC 61000-6-8 or IEC 61000-6-4. The intention is that all equipment used in the residential, commercial and light-industrial environments are covered by IEC 61000-6-3 or IEC 61000-6-8. If there is any doubt the requirements in IEC 61000-6-3 apply. The conducted and radiated emission requirements in the frequency range up to 400 GHz are considered essential and have been selected to provide an adequate level of protection of radio reception in the defined electromagnetic environment. Not all disturbance phenomena have been included for testing purposes but only those considered relevant for the equipment intended to operate within the locations included within this document. The emission requirements in this document are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmissions and their harmonics from a radio transmitter as defined by the ITU. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2006 and its Amendment 1:2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alternative method for measuring conducted emissions on DC ports;
b) limits and requirements applicable only to equipment intended to be used in residential locations;
c) more stringent limits for DC power ports.
NOTE 1 Safety considerations are not covered by this document.
NOTE 2 In special cases, situations will arise where the levels specified in this document will not offer adequate protection; for example where a sensitive receiver is used in close proximity to an equipment. In these instances, special mitigation measures can be employed. NOTE 3 Disturbances generated in fault conditions of equipment are not covered by this document.
NOTE 4 As the requirements in this document are more stringent or equivalent to those requirements in IEC 61000-6-4 and IEC 61000-6-8, equipment fulfilling the requirements of this document comply with the requirements of IEC 61000-6-4 and IEC 61000-6-8. -
Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61000-6-2CommitteePublished year2005KeywordsDescription
IEC 61000-6-2:2016 is available as IEC 61000-6-2:2016 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 61000-6-2:2016 for EMC immunity requirements applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use in industrial locations, as described below. Immunity requirements in the frequency range 0 Hz to 400 GHz are covered. No tests need to be performed at frequencies where no requirements are specified. This generic EMC immunity standard is applicable if no relevant dedicated product or product-family EMC immunity standard exists. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2005. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61000-6-1CommitteePublished year2005KeywordsDescription
IEC 61000-6-1:2016 is available as IEC 61000-6-1:2016 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 61000-6-1:2016 for EMC immunity requirements applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use in residential, commercial, public and light-industrial locations. Immunity requirements in the frequency range 0 Hz to 400 GHz are covered. No tests need to be performed at frequencies where no requirements are specified. This generic EMC immunity standard is applicable if no relevant dedicated product or product-family EMC immunity standard exists. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2005. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61000-4-7CommitteePublished year2002KeywordsDescription
IEC 61000-4-7:2002+A1:2008 applies to instrumentation intended for measuring spectral components in the frequency range up to 9 kHz which are superimposed on the fundamental of the power supply systems at 50 Hz and 60 Hz. For practical considerations, this standard distinguishes between harmonics, interharmonics and other components above the harmonic frequency range, up to 9 kHz. Defines the measurement instrumentation intended for testing individual items of equipment in accordance with emission limits given in certain standards (for example, harmonic current limits as given in IEC 61000-3-2) as well as for the measurement of harmonic currents and voltages in actual supply systems. The contents of the corrigendum of July 2004 have been included in this copy. This consolidated version consists of the second edition (2002) and its amendment 1 (2008). Therefore, no need to order amendment in addition to this publication.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61000-4-36CommitteeKeywordsDescription
IEC 61000-4-36:2020 is available as IEC 61000-4-36:2020 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 61000-4-36:2020 provides methods to determine test levels for the assessment of the immunity of equipment and systems to intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) sources. It introduces the general IEMI problem, IEMI source parameters, derivation of test limits and summarises practical test methods. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- addition of a hyperband and mesoband radiated transients immunity test method in
- Annex H;
- addition of a calibration method of sensors for radiated hyperband and mesoband transient fields and measurement uncertainty in Annex I. -
Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61000-4-34CommitteePublished year2005KeywordsDescription
This part of IEC 61000 defines the immunity test methods and range of preferred test levels for electrical and electronic equipment connected to low-voltage power supply networks for voltage dips, short interruptions, and voltage variations. This standard applies to electrical and electronic equipment having a rated input current exceeding 16 A per phase. It covers equipment installed in residential areas as well as industrial machinery, specifically voltage dips and short interruptions for equipment connected to either 50 Hz or 60 Hz a.c. networks, including 1-phase and 3-phase mains. The object of this standard is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations. The test method documented in this part of IEC 61000 describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of equipment or a system against a defined phenomenon. It has the status of a Basic EMC Publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107.