Hydrogen Technologies

ISO 26142:2010 defines the performance requirements and test methods of hydrogen detection apparatus that is designed to measure and monitor hydrogen concentrations in stationary applications. The provisions in ISO 26142:2010 cover the hydrogen detection apparatus used to achieve the single and/or multilevel safety operations, such as nitrogen purging or ventilation and/or system shut-off corresponding to the hydrogen concentration. The requirements applicable to the overall safety system, as well as the installation requirements of such apparatus, are excluded. ISO 26142:2010 sets out only the requirements applicable to a product standard for hydrogen detection apparatus, such as precision, response time, stability, measuring range, selectivity and poisoning. ISO 26142:2010 is intended to be used for certification purposes.

This document defines the construction, safety, and performance requirements of modular or factory-matched hydrogen gas generation appliances, herein referred to as hydrogen generators, using electrochemical reactions to electrolyse water to produce hydrogen. This document is applicable to hydrogen generators that use the following types of ion transport medium: group of aqueous bases; group of aqueous acids; solid polymeric materials with acidic function group additions, such as acid proton exchange membrane (PEM); solid polymeric materials with basic function group additions, such as anion exchange membrane (AEM). This document is applicable to hydrogen generators intended for industrial and commercial uses, and indoor and outdoor residential use in sheltered areas, such as car-ports, garages, utility rooms and similar areas of a residence. Hydrogen generators that can also be used to generate electricity, such as reversible fuel cells, are excluded from the scope of this document. Residential hydrogen generators that also supply oxygen as a product are excluded from the scope of this document.

This document establishes minimum requirements for pressure relief devices intended for use on hydrogen fuelled vehicle fuel containers that comply with ISO 19881, IEC 62282-4-101, ANSI HGV 2, CSA B51 Part 2, EC79/EU406, SAE J2579, or the UN GTR No. 13. The scope of this document is limited to thermally activated pressure relief devices installed on fuel containers used with fuel cell grade hydrogen according to SAE J2719 or ISO 14687 for fuel cell land vehicles, and Grade A or better hydrogen according to ISO 14687 for internal combustion engine land vehicles. This document also contains requirements for thermally activated pressure relief devices acceptable for use on-board light duty vehicles, heavy duty vehicles and industrial powered trucks such as forklifts and other material handling vehicles, as it pertains to UN GTR No. 13. Pressure relief devices designed to comply with this document are intended to be used with high quality hydrogen fuel such as fuel complying with SAE J2719 or ISO 14687 Type 1 Grade D. Pressure relief devices can be of any design or manufacturing method that meets the requirements of this document. This document does not apply to reseating, resealing, or pressure activated devices. Documents which apply to hydrogen fuel vehicles and hydrogen fuel subsystems include IEC 62282- 4- 101, SAE J2578 and SAE J2579. Annex A presents an informative record of recommended fuel container, fuel storage subsystem and vehicle level requirements. The statements in Annex A are intended as recommendations for consideration of inclusion by the organizations and committees developing standards on these sub system and vehicle level standards. Annex B presents a rationale for the design qualification tests in this document.

This document contains requirements for the material, design, manufacture, marking and testing of serially produced, refillable containers intended only for the storage of compressed hydrogen gas for land vehicle operation. These containers: a) are permanently attached to the vehicle, b) have a capacity of up to 1 000 l water capacity, and c) have a nominal working pressure that does not exceed 70 MPa. The scope of this document is limited to fuel containers containing fuel cell grade hydrogen according to ISO 14687 for fuel cell land vehicles and Grade A or better hydrogen as per ISO 14687 for internal combustion engine land vehicles. This document also contains requirements for hydrogen fuel containers acceptable for use on-board light duty vehicles, heavy duty vehicles and industrial powered trucks such as forklifts and other material handling vehicles.

This document defines the minimum design, installation, commissioning, operation, inspection and maintenance requirements, for the safety, and, where appropriate, for the performance of public and non-public fuelling stations that dispense gaseous hydrogen to light duty road vehicles (e.g. fuel cell electric vehicles). This document is not applicable to the dispensing of cryogenic hydrogen, or hydrogen to metal hydride applications. Since this document is intended to provide minimum requirements for fuelling stations, manufacturers can take additional safety precautions as determined by a risk management methodology to address potential safety risks of specific designs and applications. While this document is targeted for the fuelling of light duty hydrogen road vehicles, requirements and guidance for fuelling medium and heavy duty road vehicles (e.g. buses, trucks) are also covered. Many of the generic requirements within this document are applicable to fuelling stations for other hydrogen applications, including but not limited to the following:
— fuelling stations for motorcycles, fork-lift trucks, trams, trains, fluvial and marine applications;
— fuelling stations with indoor dispensing;
— residential applications to fuel land vehicles;
— mobile fuelling stations; and
— non-public demonstration fuelling stations.
However, further specific requirements that can be necessary for the safe operation of such fuelling stations are not addressed in this document. This document provides requirements for and guidance on the following elements of a fuelling station (see Figure 1 and Figure 2):
— hydrogen production/delivery system:
— delivery of hydrogen by pipeline, trucked in gaseous and/or liquid hydrogen, or metal hydride storage trailers;
— on-site hydrogen generators using water electrolysis process or hydrogen generators using fuel processing technologies;
— liquid hydrogen storage;
— hydrogen purification systems, as applicable;
— compression:
— gaseous hydrogen compression;
— pumps and vaporizers;
— gaseous hydrogen buffer storage;
— pre-cooling device;
— gaseous hydrogen dispensing systems.

This document defines the design, safety and operation characteristics of gaseous hydrogen land vehicle (GHLV) refuelling connectors. GHLV refuelling connectors consist of the following components, as applicable: receptacle and protective cap (mounted on vehicle); nozzle; communication hardware. This document is applicable to refuelling connectors which have nominal working pressures or hydrogen service levels up to 70 MPa. This document is not applicable to refuelling connectors dispensing blends of hydrogen with natural gas.

ISO 16110-2:2010 provides test procedures for determining the performance of packaged, self-contained or factory matched hydrogen generation systems with a capacity less than 400 m3/h at 0 °C and 101,325 kPa, referred to as hydrogen generators, that convert a fuel to a hydrogen‑rich stream of composition and conditions suitable for the type of device using the hydrogen (e.g. a fuel cell power system, or a hydrogen compression, storage and delivery system).

ISO 16110-1:2007 applies to packaged, self-contained or factory matched hydrogen generation systems with a capacity of less than 400 m3/h at 0 °C and 101,325 kPa, herein referred to as hydrogen generators, that convert an input fuel to a hydrogen-rich stream of composition and conditions suitable for the type of device using the hydrogen (e.g. a fuel cell power system or a hydrogen compression, storage and delivery system). It applies to hydrogen generators using one or a combination of the following input fuels: — natural gas and other methane-rich gases derived from renewable (biomass) or fossil fuel sources, e.g. landfill gas, digester gas, coal mine gas; — fuels derived from oil refining, e.g. diesel, gasoline, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gases such as propane and butane; — alcohols, esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, Fischer-Tropsch liquids and other suitable hydrogen-rich organic compounds derived from renewable (biomass) or fossil fuel sources, e.g. methanol, ethanol, di-methyl ether, biodiesel; — gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen gas, e.g. synthesis gas, town gas. ISO 16110-1:2007 is applicable to stationary hydrogen generators intended for indoor and outdoor commercial, industrial, light industrial and residential use. It aims to cover all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to hydrogen generators, with the exception of those associated with environmental compatibility (installation conditions), when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer.

This document specifies the minimum quality characteristics of hydrogen fuel as distributed for utilization in vehicular and stationary applications