Instrument Transformers
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC TR 61869-103CommitteePublished year2012Description
IEC/TR 61869-103:2012(E) is applicable to inductive and electronic instrument transformers for use with electrical measuring instruments for measurement and interpretation of results for power quality parameters in 50/60 Hz a.c. power supply systems. It gives guidance in the usage of HV instrument transformers for measuring the following power quality parameters; power frequency, magnitude of the supply voltage and current, flicker, supply voltage dips and swells, voltage interruptions, transient voltages, supply voltage unbalance, voltage and current harmonics and interharmonics, mains signalling on the supply voltage and rapid voltage changes.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC TR 61869-102CommitteePublished year2014Description
IEC/TR 61869-102:2014(E) provides technical information for understanding the undesirable phenomenon of ferroresonance oscillations in medium voltage and high voltage networks in connection with inductive voltage transformers. Ferroresonance can cause considerable damage to voltage transformers and other equipment. Ferroresonance oscillations may also occur with other non-linear inductive components.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC TR 61869-100CommitteePublished year2017Description
IEC TR 61869-100:2017(E) is applicable to inductive protective current transformers meeting the requirements of the IEC 61869-2 standard.
It may help relay manufacturers, CT manufacturers and project engineers to understand how a CT responds to simplified or standardized short circuit signals. Therefore, it supplies advanced information to comprehend the definition of inductive current transformers as well as their requirements.
The document aims to provide information for the casual user as well as for the specialist. Where necessary, the level of abstraction is mentioned in the document. It also discusses the question about the responsibilities in the design process for current transformers. -
Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61869-9CommitteePublished year2016Description
IEC 61869-9:2016 is a product family standard applicable to instrument transformers with digital output. The product standard is composed of IEC 61869-1 and IEC 61869-6, in addition to this standard and the relevant product specific standards in the IEC 61869 series (Part 7, Part 8, Part 12, Part 13, Part 14, and Part 15). This standard defines requirements for digital communications of instrument transformer measurements. It is based on the IEC 61850 series, UCA international users group document Implementation guideline for digital interface to instrument transformers using IEC 61850-9-2, and the relevant parts of IEC 60044-8 that are replaced by this standard. It includes additional improvements including the IEC 61588 network based time synchronization. This first edition replaces the corresponding specific requirements previously contained in IEC 60044-8, published in 2002. This International Standard contains specific requirements for electronic low power instrument transformers (LPIT) having a digital output. However, the reader is encouraged to use its most recent edition. This publication contains an attached file in the form of a .xml file. This file is intended to be used as a complement and does not form an integral part of the publication.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61869-6CommitteePublished year2016Description
IEC 61869-6:2016(E) is a product family standard and covers only additional general requirements for low-power instrument transformers (LPIT) used for a.c. applications having rated frequencies from 15 Hz to 100 Hz covering MV, HV and EHV or used for d.c. applications. This product standard is based on IEC 61869-1:2007, in addition to the relevant product specific standard. This part of IEC 61869 does not cover the specification for the digital output format of instrument transformers. This part of IEC 61869 defines the errors in case of analogue or digital output. The other characteristics of the digital interface for instrument transformers are standardised in IEC 61869-9 as an application of the standards, the IEC 61850 series, which details layered substation communication architecture. This part of IEC 61869 considers additional requirements concerning bandwidth. General Requirements; however, the reader is encouraged to use its most recent edition. This first edition of IEC 61869-6 cancels and replaces the relevant parts of IEC 60044-7, published in 1999, and of IEC 60044-8, published in 2002.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61869-1:2007
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61869-5CommitteePublished year2011Description
IEC 61869-5:2011 applies to new single-phase capacitor voltage transformers connected between line and ground for system voltages Um ≥ 72,5 kV at power frequencies from 15 Hz to 100 Hz. They are intended to supply a low voltage for measurement, control and protective functions. This standard replaces IEC 60044-5 regarding capacitor voltage transformers as well as IEC-PAS 60044-5 for capacitor voltage transformers.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61869-1:2007. The contents of the corrigendum of August 2015 have been included in this copy.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61869-4CommitteePublished year2013Description
IEC 61869-4:2013 applies to newly-manufactured combined transformers for use with electrical measuring instruments and electrical protective devices at frequencies from 15 Hz to 100 Hz. The requirements and tests of this standard, in addition to the requirements and tests of IEC 61869-1, IEC 61869-2 and IEC 61869-3 cover current and inductive voltage transformers that are necessary for combined instrument transformers. This standard replaces IEC 60044-3: Combined transformers.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61869-1:2007, IEC 61869-2:2012 and IEC 61869-3:2011. The contents of the corrigendum of August 2014 have been included in this copy.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61869-3CommitteePublished year2011Description
IEC 61869-3:2011 applies to new inductive voltage transformers for use with electrical measuring instruments and electrical protective devices at frequencies from 15 Hz to 100 Hz. This standard replaces IEC 60044-2: Inductive Voltage Transformers.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61869-1:2007.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61869-2CommitteePublished year2012Description
IEC 61869-2:2012 is applicable to newly manufactured inductive current transformers for use with electrical measuring instruments and/or electrical protective devices having rated frequencies from 15 Hz to 100 Hz. This International Standard cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 60044-1, published in 1996, and its Amendment 1 (2000) and Amendment 2 (2002), and the first edition of IEC 60044-6, published in 1992. Additionally it introduces technical innovations in the standardization and adaptation of the requirements for current transformers for transient performance.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61869-1:2007.
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Technical committeeTypeAcronymIEC 61869-15CommitteePublished year2018KeywordsDescription
IEC 61869-15:2018 provides all requirements specific to voltage transformers to be used in DC applications (DCVTs), whatever the technology used. The output signal can be analogue or digital.
It is applicable to newly manufactured voltage transformers used for measuring, protection and/or control applications in DC power systems with a rated voltage above 1,5 kV.
This document covers passive voltage dividers as well as active voltage transformers, used for measurement, control and protection.
The general configuration of a single-pole low-power instrument transformer is described in Figure 601 of IEC 61869-6:2016.
IEC 61869-15:2018 applies to voltage transformers (VT) intended to be used in DC applications with the following functions:
• measure DC voltage (with significant harmonics);
• withstand DC voltage.
Two main technologies of DC converters exist today: LCC and VSC
• Line-commutated converters (LCC) are based on thyristor converters. They are characterized by a single direction of current flow, and a voltage polarity reversal possibility. Significant voltage and current harmonics exist up to frequencies of about 3 kHz to 4 kHz.
• Voltage source converters (VSC) are based on transistor converters. They are characterized by a bi-directional current flow and a single voltage polarity. Voltage and current harmonics exist up to frequencies of about 20 kHz.